Isotonic Contraction and the Effect of Load on Skeletal Muscles Essay Sample free essay sample

The occupation of the motor nervous system is to command certain elements in musculuss at the same time to finally bring forth motion. Motion of the organic structure is the consequence of specialised cells straight associated with skeletal musculus. Skeletal musculuss are voluntary musculus and must contract before motion can happen. We know the musculus squad traveling the arm is formed at the biceps and triceps. Bicepss can flex the cubitus. but by itself can non widen the arm. Biceps contract and triceps relax to flex the cubitus. When the cubitus is straightened. the contrary takes topographic point ; the biceps relax and triceps contract. However. what happens during skeletal musculus contraction? For case. what happens to the musculuss in the leg when one lifts weights? We used two variables. musculus length and opposition ; to research how skeletal musculus velocity and contraction is affected during an isosmotic contraction when these variables are manipulated. We will write a custom essay sample on Isotonic Contraction and the Effect of Load on Skeletal Muscles Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We found if opposition is excessively light skeletal musculus contracts with easiness and at a faster rate. However. if the opposition is heavy musculus contraction has a much slower rate. These findings give good penetration into safety safeguards. care. and medical diagnoses’ of our organic structure. For case when raising weights. or finding underlining causes of a bosom status. Introduction The muscular system has more than 600 musculuss ( cardiac. skeletal and smooth musculus ) throughout the human organic structure. Contraction of these musculuss is generated by specialised musculus cells. Skeletal musculuss are voluntary and travel the organic structure by drawing on the castanetss. for case. when throwing a ball or walking. This involves a series of stairss in which castanetss are moved at the joint by a complex electrochemical and mechanical procedure of contraction and relaxation of skeletal musculuss ( Kendal et al. . 2000 ) . First. skeletal musculus fibres communicate with the nervous system at the neuromuscular junction ( NMJ ) by exciting the sarcolemma. Through a procedure called excitation-contraction yoke where acetylcholine ( ACh ) is released into the synaptic cleft. opening sodium ion channels ( Na+ ) and bring forthing an action potency ( AP ) . The AP causes the sarcoplasmic Reticulum ( SR ) to let go of Ca ions ( Ca2+ ) where cross Bridgess are forme d and the musculus contraction rhythm is initiated. During the contraction stage. the skeletal musculus shortens bring forthing tenseness on the terminals of the musculus. Next. the relaxation stage. ACh is broken down by acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) and the AP is ended. The SR reabsorbs the Ca2+ and with no more cross-bridge interaction. the contraction ends returning the musculus to its resting length ( Martini et al. . 2012 ) . Muscles experience two basic types of contractions called isometric and isosmotic. Isometric contractions occur when there is a rise in musculus tenseness. but the length of the musculus stays the same. Isotonic contractions occur when tenseness in musculus rises and the length of the musculus alterations. This is normally associated with musculus traveling something that is of a fixed weight. Our intent is to â€Å"describe the effects of opposition and get downing length on the initial speed of shortening and detect why musculus force remains changeless during isosmotic shortening† ( Marieb et al. 2009 ) . Our findings will supply improved apprehension of how resting length will ensue in maximal force production in human musculuss ( Marieb et al. 2009 ) . Materials Materials used in the experiment include:Data aggregation unit. electrical stimulator. electrodes. force transducer. maulerss. musculus support base. myograph. CRO show. platform height simulator. fake musculus. electromotive force control simulator. and weights ( gms ) : 0. 5-g. 1. 0-g. 1. 5-g. and 2. 0-g. MethodsExperiment 1: We began the experiment by puting a hook through the upper sinew of the musculus linking it to the force transducer. Following. we suspended the musculus in the support base and secured it with a 2nd hook at the lower terminal of the musculus sinew. We set a platform tallness of 75mm. put the electromotive force to 8. 2 Vs and added 0. 5-g weight onto the muscle’s lower sinew. Get downing experiment 1. run 1. we applied a stimulation to the musculus and at the same time observed the musculus action. Data was recorded and a 2nd tally was completed after using a 1. 5-g weight in which the information was besides recorded. After we collected initial informations consequences we continued the experiment for a 3rd and 4th tally utilizing 1. 0-g and 2. 0-g weights. After all four tallies were completed we recorded the informations and plotted the consequences. Experiment 2: First we cleared all pervious informations from experiment 1 in the informations control unit. We attached the 1. 5-g weight to the lower musculus sinew. Put the electromotive force to a upper limit of 8. 2 Vs. Get downing with 60mm length on the height platform we ran through a scope of lengths get downing with 60mm to 90mm in 5-mm increases. Consequences from the seven tallies were recorded in the informations aggregator and we plotted the information for analyses. Consequences Figure 1 shows a baseline experiment ( run 1 ) and grid that diagrammatically shows the contraction informations for analysis. Time ( in msecs ) is along the horizontal axis and force ( in gm ) is on the perpendicular axis. We applied a 0. 5-g stimulation to the musculus and observed the CRO following produced by the stimulation. We observed the following rise from the surface of the platform. level line for a few seconds. followed by a rapid diminution. The force produced remained changeless and did non alteration during the level line of the tracing. Table 1 shows informations comparing weight and rate of contraction between run 1 and run 2 ( 1. 5-g weight ) . The 0. 5-g weight resulted in the highest rate of contraction with a speed of 3. 77 mm/sec. The pointer indicates the latent period in which no contractions occur. Figure 2 shows a grid of the relationship between opposition and the initial speed of shortening. Velocity ( in mm/sec ) is on the horizontalaxis and weight ( in gm ) along the perpendicular axis. We completed the 3rd and 4th tally with 1. 0-g and 2. 0-g weights and plotted the information of tallies 1. 2. 3 and 4. The consequences showed the greater the opposition. the shorter the initial speed of shortening or rate of contraction. Relationship between get downing length and initial speed of shortening DiscussionBefore we could get down our current experiment we had to find how a musculus responds to a individual stimulation and when does lengthening happen. We found that a musculus contraction in response to a individual stimulation of equal strength is called a musculus vellication. A complete musculus vellication has three phrases: 1 ) Latent period. during which there are no contractions. 2 ) The contraction period is when skeletal musculus contraction starts. 3 ) During the relaxation period. tenseness is reduced and the musculus returns to normal length ( Marieb et al. 2009 ) . Our consequences of experiment 1 showed a response to a individual stimulation as related to jerk and stages. Furthermore. our research concluded when the burden on a musculus exceeds the tenseness generated. a lengthening contraction occurs. Our experiment had two of import variables. get downing length of the musculus and the opposition applied. As illustrated in table 1 and figure 2. if the object i s light it can be lifted rapidly. nevertheless a heavier weight will be lifted with a slower speed ( Marieb et al. 2009 ) . Our findings in experiment 2 concluded the strength of a musculus contraction can be altered by altering the get downing length of the musculus known as the length-tension relationship. Changeless variables 1. 5-g weight and 8. 2 Vs. with alterations in musculus lengths. Our determination showed at 60 millimeter. the musculus is unstretched and produces a weak contraction because the overlapping thin fibrils interfere and conflict with each other curtailing cross span binding and less tenseness develops ( Kendal et al. . 2000 ) . Muscle length of 75 millimeters. we found the musculus was reasonably stretched bespeaking a moderate imbrication of the thin fibrils relative to the cross Bridgess. Therefore maximal tenseness is developed and musculus contraction occurs ( Martini et al. . 2012 ) . Last. at 90 mm length. the musculus became over-stretched bespeaking the midst and thin fibrils are overlapping merely somewhat. When over stretched the thin fibrils are pulled about to the terminals of the thick fibrils and really small if any tenseness can develop ( Kendal et al. . 2000 ) . Our end was to look into how alterations in musculus length and opposition affect the velocity of skeletal musculus contraction ( Marieb et al. 2009 ) . We found that when a weight is non excessively heavy the musculus can raise it with a faster speed. For illustration. when working out and finishing bicep coils. a 2 lb weight can be lifted rapidly compared to a 50 lb weight. Besides. in human skeletal musculus pulling seldom occurs but this is really of import when sing bosom musculus in relation to congestive bosom failure. Mentions Kandel. ER. . Schwartz. JH. . and Jessell. TM ( 2000 ) . The Motor Unit and Muscle Action. Principles of Neural Science ( chp. 34. 4th edition. pp. 675-683 ) . New York: McGraw-Hill. Marieb. E. and Mitchell. S. ( 2009 ) . Investigating the Effect of Load on Skeletal Muscle. Laboratory Manual: Human Anatomy A ; Physiology. ( Exercise 26. 9th edition. pp. 419-420 ) . New York: Pearson Education Inc. Martini. F. . Nath. J. and Bartholomew. E. ( 2012 ) . Muscle Tissue. Fundamentalss of Anatomy A ; Physiology. ( chp. 10. 9th edition. pp. 290-305 ) . New York: Pearson Education Inc.

Hamlet Essays (1615 words) - Characters In Hamlet, Prince Hamlet

Hamlet Essays (1615 words) - Characters In Hamlet, Prince Hamlet Hamlet One of the most unique elements of the Hamlet character is that he is so human. Many types of readers can identify with him. Hamlet is imperfect, and he is fretful. Hamlet has human properties, and it is his humanity that I intend to explore. Indeed it is these human qualities and imperfections that make his story so tragic. Another tragic part of the play is the plays irony. Irony is an important tool in the hands of the playwright to achieve both comical and/or dramatic effect. There is usually little reason for a tragedy to be funny, so Shakespeare has used this tool to add more tragedy to the play. I will investigate the nature of this irony. Also, I will investigate the types of conflict that play a major part in the play and the relationships between Hamlet and the two people who have been closest to him; Ophelia and the Ghost. Hamlet cannot share his strong feelings and emotions with his mother or his girlfriend. While his mother is literally sleeping with the enemy, Ophelia has chosen the side of Claudius because of her father, Polonius. It is especially difficult for Hamlet to talk to Ophelia. The only other woman in his life, Gertrude, has betrayed his father by marrying Claudius. Hamlet may be obsessed with the idea that all women are evil, yet he really does love Ophelia, because when he finds out Ophelia has died, he cries out, "I lov'd Ophelia; forty thousand brothers could not, with all their quantity of love, make up my sum."(Act V, Scene 1) The ghost provides Hamlet with a dilemma. In Shakespeare's plays, supernatural characters are not always to be trusted; think of the three witches in MacBeth, who are instrumental in his downfall. Hamlet does not know whether the ghost is telling the truth or not. If Hamlet had killed Claudius solely on the ghost's advice, he would certainly have been tried and put to death himself. There would probably have been a war to choose the new king. Being the humanitarian that he is, and taking account of his responsibilities as a prince and future king, Hamlet most likely would want to avoid civil war. Even though Claudius is a murderer, and probably not as noble a king as Hamlet's father was, he is still a king. He brings order to Denmark. Hamlet does not wish to plunge his country into chaos. He realizes that this will happen when he kills Claudius. Hamlet is unable to combine the spiritual world (in the form of his father's ghost) with the tangible, every-day world that surrounds him. There is much irony throughout this play. One occurrence of irony I found particularly striking was the fact that Hamlet effectively maneuvers himself into the same position as Claudius. Claudius had attacked and killed a man who did not have the opportunity to defend himself, but when Hamlet kills Polonius, is he not guilty of the same? It is intriguing that both Claudius and Hamlet have killed fathers. It is interesting to see how these two completely different characters deal with this problem in different ways. Other interesting parallels I found are the numerous deaths by poison. Hamlet's father was murdered by Claudius with poison. In the final act, the queen is the first to be poisoned, by drinking from Hamlet's cup. Then, Hamlet is wounded by the poisoned tip of Laertes' sword. When they change swords, Hamlet gets the upper hand and Laertes is poisoned. When the queen dies, Laertes explains all to Hamlet, before he dies. Hamlet then kills Claudius before dying himself. It is ironic that, as Claudius is poisoned because of his own plotting, he had already signed his own death warrant when he killed Hamlet's father, the first tragic action of the play. There are only three people in this play who don't die by poisoning: Rosencrantz and Guildenstern meet their deaths in England, after being outsmarted by Hamlet. The third is Ophelia, who is drowned. There are three types of conflict I can identify in the play: 'man versus man', 'man versus nature' and 'man versus himself'. Hamlet's fight with Laertes in Ophelia's grave and the subsequent duel would both easily classify as 'man versus man' conflicts. Man also struggles with nature in this play, most notably in the form of Ophelia's drowning and Hamlet's crossing the sea to England - although the latter conflict plays more of a background role. The 'man

Is Whistle Blowing Ethical or not Research Paper

Is Whistle Blowing Ethical or not - Research Paper Example The morality comes into question when there is a conflict between the individual’s duty to staying loyal to the firm and the freedom to speak out against what is wrong. The dilemma is severe because of the fact that individuals/employees are legally and morally bound to show their loyalty to their employers as well as ascertain the fact that one does not, directly or indirectly, get involved in any wrongdoing (Beauchamp and Bowie). It has become a common practice to link whistle blowing to loyalty with ones employer, such that several literature surrounds topics such as â€Å"whistle blowing versus organizational loyalty† or â€Å"whistle blowing and loyalty† (Lindblom). In his book, Robert Duska offers an interesting insight- that loyalty to the firm is an impossible event. According to Duska, employees have a contractual obligation to perform their duties responsibly in return for the compensation that they get (Larmer). However, according to him, the concept o f personal responsibility to the company is void and that no loyalty issues should arise when discussing the notion of whistle blowing. According to him, one must engage in whistle blowing only for the collective good of the society (Larmer). The conflict of whistle blowing with loyalty is more intricate than suggested. ... Hence, in this context, loyalty would mean that the individual must show concern towards the potential harm and loss of reputation, goodwill, sales etc. that the organization would suffer as a result of him/her blowing the whistle. However, there is another view by Ronald Duska, which states that organizations should not be recipients of loyalty simply because only â€Å"humans† can be objects of loyalty and not the organization as an entity in itself (Lindblom). Also, according to Bok, whistle blowing almost always pertains to the personal level since it involves unveiling the wrongdoings of someone else. The whistle blower may face tremendous moral and ethical conflict when it comes to the same because of several reasons. One of the reasons is the uncertainty whether or not the act is going to result in the general welfare of the public. Furthermore, the whistle blower is faced with moral dilemma when he/she has to weigh his/her moral responsibility to protect the interests of his co-workers versus his/her responsibility to protect the interests of the public. In any case, the latter is considered more important. A final reason for the dilemma, according to Bok, is the potential threat of loss of job, social circle, reputation, or even violence that could result from blowing the whistle. On the contrary, however, whistle blowers often receive strong support and appreciation from the society since they perform a vital job. The job is indispensable because, if it weren’t for the whistle blower the truth of the moment would lay hidden from the public forever and would result in injustice. Furthermore, Bok has emphasized three main elements that lead to whistle blowing becoming a problem. First

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The Effect of Sentencing - Essay Example The Benefits, Drawbacks, and Deterrence Effects of Various Forms of Sentencing in the Criminal Justice System Sentencing is the product of a long process of bringing individuals to justice for their crimes and, as a result, it plays a crucial role in determining whether a criminal justice system is successful in achieving its purpose. If individuals are sentenced too harshly, according to rules that are too rigid, then the justice system has failed to live up to its promise of equitably distributing justice in society. If individuals are sentenced too laxly, according to rules that are not rigid enough, then the justice system can neither achieve retribution against offenders for their crimes against others nor achieve a deterrent effect to prevent further crime. The deterrent effect of sentencing is particularly important because criminals recognize the relative weight that prosecutors and judges place on certain crimes under certain circumstances; in cases in which a criminal knows sentencing will be soft, a crime is more likely to occur. Therefore, it is important for the criminal justice system to achieve a mean between too harsh and too soft in how crime in general is sentenced. Part of determining how to achieve this mean is by defining the kind of sentencing that ought to be practiced most often, with the major choices being indeterminate, determinate, and mandatory sentencing. Indeterminate sentencing denotes a term of incarceration that does not state a specific period of time or release date, but just a range of time. For instance, the imposition of â€Å"five-to-ten years† is an indeterminate sentence. Indeterminate sentencing is a perspective in criminal law closely tied to the rehabilitative perspective—the idea that prison should be an instrument for correcting and improving the behavior of inmates. According to O’Hear (2011), this perspective fell from favor in the 1970s and in the years that followed, many states pared back their investment in indeterminate sentencing practices where release dates were determined by a parole board years after the initial conviction. Besides the drawback of being linked to an antiquated theory of justice, indeterminate sentencing has the benefit of taking into account behavior while in prison as justification for expediting or delaying one’s release into society. Determinate sentencing, which is the imposition of a sentence that includes a fix or minimum period as specified by a statute. Determinate sentencing provides less flexibility than indeterminate sentencing, which is neither a benefit nor a drawback. However, one clear weakness with determinate sentencing is that situational factors do not enter easily into the equation. In Lockyer v. Andrade (2003), a form of determinate sentencing known as the three-strike law in California was challenged based on the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment. The essence of the law is that a heavy sentence is required for individuals convicted of a third felony, which is thought to provide a strong deterrent effect after the second felony conviction. However, the nature of the three felonies could be as wide ranging as drug trafficking to shoplifting. Therefore, even if three felonies are relatively minor crimes, determinate senten

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Ice-Fili - Case Study Example In addition, emergence of a large number of domestic producers also contributed to the market share erosion of the firm in the recent years. Russian ice cream market has also declined over the last decade. The company gave primary focus to product quality and therefore it continued to use natural ingredients while foreign manufacturers widely used chemical preservatives to increase the durability of their ice cream products. This approach not only assisted the foreign players to make their products durable, but also aided them to reduce the costs. Thus they obtained competitive advantages over the traditional players like Ice-Fili. In total, the company’s traditional product policies also played a crucial role in reducing its dominance in the Russian ice cream market. The case study indicates that Russian ice cream market exhibits strong seasonal fluctuations. The country’s ice cream consumption normally reaches at its peak during the summer season. The Russian ice cream consumption has notably declined by the early 21st century as compared to other developed economies like the United States, France, and Canada. Regional Russian producers do not give much emphasis to the promotion of ice cream products and this adverse situation keeps the country’s ice cream industry down despite the high level affordability of ice cream products in Russia. As Rukstad Wells and Yin, point out, beer, soft drink, and confectionary industries take advantages of this favorable situation (To illustrate, the production of beer was up 23%, soft drinks 25%, and confectionaries 8% in 2000 whereas the production of ice cream was down 3.5% in the same period as compared to the previous year) which in turn worsen the growth of Russian ice cream industry. Degree of competitive rivalry is very high in Russian ice cream industry. The exhibit

Nurses Shortage Definition Aspects and Solutions

Nurses Shortage Definition Aspects and Solutions Health care persists to face a momentous shortage of registered nurses. This is an old crisis and continues to be a threat to nursing career. There are plenty of studies done to find the reasons behind the nursing shortage. Moreover, it is a global problem. Nursing education, nursing retention unsafe work place, complex quality improvement and patient safety, low nurses income and complicated recruitment requirements. All these factors influence nurses shortage worldwide. The aim of this paper is to discuss and analyze global nurses shortage and highlight the causes and solutions with a recommendation to deal with nurses shortage in health care systems. Development of Nurses Shortage Sophen (1954) found that nurses shortage in the United States started 1932-1953 when the number of hospitals changed very little, but the number of beds increased 52% more and this increases nurses shortage due to the coverage need (Sophen, 1954). Thirty three years later, Aiken noted that the legislation and diminishing result on nurses salaries at a time when other professions salaries were increasing, influencing nurses to depart the career. (Aiken, 2007). During the 1990s, the nurses shortage was 11% of full time registered nurses, by 1992, the nurses shortage subsided and nurses supply was positive. In 1997, hospitals started to feel pressure of nurses vacancy rate 13%. But this time shortage has not moved away and stays a topic difficult to solve. (Rebekah, Kathreen 2009). WHO collected data of nurses, population ratios in WHO regions: The Americas, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Africa, South East Asia, and Western pacific. The data analysis shows that in Africa and South East Asia, the ratio declines, while the highest ratio was in Europe regions as it is almost ten times more than the lower regions. (WHO, 2006). A study conducted in the United States by Buerhaus and his colleges in 2007 and found that in 2020 the nation will be short of 76,000.00 nurses, as well as, he stated that, this nurses shortage may shut down most of the system and cause care to be rationed. (Buerhaus, 2008). The low supreme number of existing nurses in many countries is mixed by difficulties with their geographic distributions or complexities in recruiting and retaining nurses. This is a characteristic of both developed and developing countries. Definition of the Shortage of Nurses What is shortage of nursing? Shortage of nurses can be defined in two different means. First, professional standards when the number of nurses is not enough to provide high quality of care. However, administrators fail to determine the quantity of nurses needed to provide the high quality of care. (Goldfarbetat, 2008). Second, in economic terms, nurses shortage presents when there are not enough number of nurses to provide the best quality standards and no fund to supply to open additional positions. Thus, definition of nurses shortage is difficult and complex. (Rebekah, Abrahamson, 2009). A diverse definition which is more practical with the reality discovered by Bachnan, defined the nursing shortage is not by nurses number but how the health system functions to facilitate nurses to use their skills effectively. (Buchan, 2008). Nursing Education and Shortage Raising demand of Baccalaureate and graduate prepared nurses conveys nurses shortage. The National Advisory Council on Nursing Education and Practice (NACEP) is proposing at least two-third of the nurses work force hold a baccalaureate or higher degrees in nursing by 2010. (NACEP, 2004). According to American Association of College of Nursing, professional nurses must be prepared at the baccalaureate level to ward convene developing health career requires. (AACN, 2005). Professional development refers to study obligation to continue definite skill levels and career lane. This ensures nurses skills and knowledge are update and applicable. (Lannon, 2007). Each nurse should take responsibility for personal, professional development. This will enhance quality of care and keep up technological and scientific changes that are occurring in health care sitting. However, the health care systems are not assisting nurses for education development and this keeps the nurses far from the essential profession development. (Copper, 2009). According to American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN, 2005), over 32,000.00 qualified candidates were rejected to baccalaureate and graduate program due to the lack of experienced faculty in 2004,which means shortage in nursing faculty. (Evans, 2009). The long terms solution is to increase the pool of baccalaureate nurses who can obtain the graduate education needed for various roles like faculty. (Aiken, 2008). On the other hand, nurses will persist seeking higher degree in nursing education, because of the exciting and financially rewarding pulse opportunities for management positions. (Curtin, 2008). As per a study done in the United States by Westphal, concluded that nurses leaders turnover causes nurses shortage in registered nurses at hospitals. So, it is advised to reduce turnover of nurse leaders. (Westphal, 2009). The Impact of Workplace in Nursing Shortage Nursing work is traumatic while other professional alternatives are accessible. However, it is challenging to fight for the choice of profession which is not successful to balance financially for this daily tension. (Kaestner, 2005). Shift work nature causes physical damage to nurses and impact nurses prolong existence in the profession. According to cooper (2003), Registered nurses experiencing the physical, cognitive and emotional challenges of growing older while the profession demands more. In addition, working night and evening shifts influence nurse performance and lifestyle which motivate many nurses to move into outside hospital sitting. (Rebekah Abrahamson 2009). As well as, the new technologies into nursing daily work add a pressure and increase nurses work load and reduce the time nurses have to spend with the patient and affected the ability to detect complications early. (Beurhaus, 2008). Furthermore, nurses felt additional stress due to the idea that if they commit an error, penalizing action might be taken against them. As known that the nurses are responsible for ensuring patient safety without adequate decision making authority or impartial income. (Rebekah Abrhamson, 2009). Quality Question In 1998, the health care quality and safety started to take place, leaders noticed the strong relationship between nursing and patient outcome and realized nurses shortage. Thus, the leaders recognize the need to solve nursing shortage and as are adequate size of nurses or they will see quality suffer and low patients services. (Buerhaus, 2008). As a result, linking quality of care with adequate stuff will move nurses from the cost category in the direction of believing advantage, which will lead to increase wages and progress practice environment (Elgie, 2007) Recruitment and Retention International recruitment require great attention, where an organization in one country recruits nurses from another country. This has been mounting characteristic of global nursing labor markets, as developed countries utilize factors to attract nurses in developing countries. (WHO, 2006). These factors comprise low income, poor career configuration; reduce chance for further, education in some countries threat of violence. The risk is that action might just dislodge the shortage to another country, which may have fewer resources to solve it. (Aike of Buchan 2008). Nurses are attracted to work and remain working because of the chances to expand professionally to gains self sufficiency, and share in decision making while being reasonably rewarded. (Buchan, 2000). Aspects linked to work environment are critical, as well as some evidence that a decentralized style of management, flexible employment opportunities, and access to ongoing professional development can improve both the retention of nursing stuff level patient care. (Aiken, 2008). UAE and Nursing Shortage 3% of the UAE nationals are nurses. Although this percentage is low to UAE hospitals needs, the UAE population are not motivated to study and work in nursing profession. (Khan, 2006). On the other hand, the cause being far of nursing profession, minimum nursing education institution as compared to other specialty and the concept of cultural values (Underwood, 2010). UAE ministry of health in the process to open new education institutions which will be available in all emirates, as well as, the new council of nursing which started examining nurses skills by licensure examination (Underwood, 2010). Conclusion There is particular or universal measure or description of nursing shortage, although, obvious evidence of insufficient nursing resources in several countries, along with, evidence of poor exploit of obtainable nursing resources in many more. Many countries should augment and support their work force development capacity crossways professions and regulations to recognize the skills responsibility needed to convene identified services requirement. Furthermore, this is partially about extended term alliance between education development, work place environment improvement, quality improved and funded demand. Moreover, improving routine matching of nurses staffing with work load and maintain balance between nurses work and personal life. Health systems need to work on effective skill mix through clearance of roles and better equilibrium of registered nurses, charge nurses, assistance nurses, physicians and health professionals, in order to solve nursing shortage problem.

Calvin and Hobbes: An Existentialist View Essay -- Comics Calvin Hobbe

Calvin and Hobbes: An Existentialist View Faster and faster, the slick red wagon slaloms across the rocky terrain, carrying a blonde-headed boy and his stuffed tiger along each turn of the track. Calvin, an imaginative six year old who makes us laugh with his childish antics, and Hobbes, the philosophical stuffed tiger, both make a statement about the world they were created in. Calvin and Hobbes is essentially an existentialist comic strip. Through Calvin’s desperate and unique choices and circumstances, he untraditionally fights against a continually changing world. His actions portray the disorder in which we are all controlled in a meaningless existence against a ferocious society, a ruthless nature, and inevitable death. Calvin is a unique character who breaks the traditionally accepted roles children play. John Calvin, the namesake of Bill Waterson’s star, was a stern, protestant theologian. Torn between conflicting doctrines of the Catholic Church, John Calvin led a Protestant reformation, breaking away from the traditionally accepted beliefs to more unorthodox beliefs such as predestination and justification by faith alone. No character could better reflect these Protestant views than the six-year old Calvin. An entirely mischievous and self-indulgent boy, Calvin is also forced into making new and desperate choices. John Calvin was forced into making a desperate choice to rebel against the mother church, facing excommunication because he chose not to believe in the widely accepted beliefs of the time. Calvin also protests the situations he encounters. He polls his father, rating him on his character and past performances. Calvin realizes that it is not issues and ideologies that matter, but the type of people we a... ...tanding why. Yet, Calvin is able to allay those fears. He is a Peter Pan, a perpetual youth who we can look back on and admire throughout time, because he never has to face age. As he continues to rebel and persist against an existential world in his sarcastic and sardonic ways despite his circumstances and consequences, he sets an example of how to fight the irrational attacks on the individual. Works Cited May, Rollo. Existential Psychology. New York: Random House, 1961. Official Website for Calvin and Hobbes comics from 1985 to 1996 by Bill Watterson, the. October 15, 2000. Watterson, Bill. The Calvin and Hobbes Tenth Anniversary Book. Kansas City: Andrews and McMeel, 1995. Wilson, James Q. â€Å"Calvin and Hobbes and the Moral Sense: A Farewell.† October 15, 200

Drama Essay: A Review of “Spring Awakening” Essay

I will be reviewing the play titled, â€Å"Spring Awakening† by Fred Wedekind. This play was produced by The Department of Performing Arts and Humanities of the School of Liberal Arts at and directed by Robert W. Oppel. I saw the play on March 20th Q Building Theatre. The play was excellent and exceeded all expectations due to the professional way the story was presented. â€Å"Spring Awakening† is a musical concerning teenagers who explore their individual sexuality while living in an oppressive culture. The setting takes place in a religious, rural town in Germany during the late 19th century. It contains issues of sexuality, religion, and education, but also exposes the barriers between adults and children. Parents are supposedly religious; however, they mistreat their children. In addition, they make puberty more confusing by forbidding their children to ask questions about their sexuality or discuss sex in general. Other topics included shame, gender, and authorities. The play also shows the consequences for rebelling against what society considers moral and acceptable. There are three main actors playing principle roles. Sinead Fahey, a newcomer to the Theatre at CCBC, played the part of Wendla. Her overall performance was terrific. She sang beautifully, moved gracefully, and gave a strong performance throughout the play. Sinead was well cast and believable in her role. James Baxter, who played the part of Melchior, is a returning performer at CCBC. James played his part well, but seemed slightly reserved in his character. It appeared he was not quite as passionate as he could have been. However, he moved and sang well and still delivered a solid performance. James was fairly well cast and somewhat believable in his role. The character Moritz was played by Christopher H. Zargarbashi. He graduated from Towson University with a degree in acting. Christopher’s performance was excellent and thoroughly entertaining to watch. Christopher was accurate in the way he conveyed Moritz’s intense and nervous personality. He was well cast and extre mely believable while playing his part. The play contains an edgy, noteworthy innovation. Mixing the late 19th century era with modern day features appears fresh and original. For instance, when the performers speak in the play, they are in character during the late 19th century, yet become modern day singers during the musical numbers. Additionally, all the characters in the play dress in the appropriate 19th century attire, whereas the ensemble dresses in modern day clothing. Furthermore, the proper diction is a contrast to the music which exhibits profanity and modern day themes. It is a unique and creative way to express the story. Robert W. Oppel, did an adequate job of directing the play. This is evident in the way that the performers methodically, yet naturally move. For example, when the characters touch or interact physically, it is not done in an awkward style, but gradual and relaxed. Even when they remove their microphones from their clothing, it is executed in a natural manner. There are many times when the characters remain perfectly still and do not move at all during a scene. It was an amazing and genuine display of talent. Certainly, the theme of â€Å"Spring Awakening† could be relevant to anyone. Oppression and topics such as child abuse, rape, suicide, abortion, and homo-sexuality will always exist. Hence, the play evokes the audience’s empathy by depicting these personal struggles among the youth living in the 19th century. In essence, I definitely enjoyed the play and was thrilled with the overall experience of live theater. I was skeptical at first about whether I would like the story, but was pleasantly surprised and blown away by what I saw. I would highly recommend this play to others, especially young adults and adults who are looking for a mature storyline. I would most certainly say I gained a respect for live theater. I give credit to everyone involved, especially the actors and actresses. They have only one chance to get it right and hold the courage to perform in front of a live audience.

Metaphysical Imagery in the Works of John Donne

Metaphysical Imagery in the Works of John Donne Metaphysical poetry is a blend of passionate feelings and paradoxical style. John Donne is believed to be one of the best of metaphysical poets. There are many examples of metaphysical imagery in the works of John Donne. The metaphysical imagery of John Donne will be brought into view by the examples he used throughout his poetry.Donne begins "A Valediction Forbidding Mourning" by indicating a preference for their departure to be unobtrusive, to be as restrained as possible in their parting, by using an analogy between the couple and "virtuous men." He describes,As virtuous men pass mildly away,And whisper to their souls to go,Whilst some of their sad friends do say,The breath goes now, and some say, no [...]. (1-4)Through descriptions of "mildly" and "whisper" he reveals his wish for their separation to be as temperate as possible. Donne calls for a similar restraint in their passing, for no fuss, tears or sighs, referring to the typical hyperbolic lovers and using them as a vision of how not to act, "So let us melt and make no noise, / No tear-floods, nor sigh-tempests move [...]"I believe this is a photograph taken of a portrait...(5-6). Here the intellectual begins to take over the sentimentality, or impulsiveness of the scene, "Donne perplexes the minds of the fair sex with nice speculations of philosophy, when he should engage their hearts and entertain them with the softness of love" (Bennett 1).So let us melt, and make no noise,No teare-floods, nor sigh-tempests move,T'were prophanation of our joyesTo tell the layetie our love [...]. (5-8)The word "melt" implies a change in physical state. The bond of lovers will dissolve quietly. "Noise" refers to "tear floods" and "sigh tempests" that the speaker pleads with his love not to leave. He continues by...

Nicholas Copernicus †Founder of Astronomy Essay

Nicholas Copernicus – Founder of Astronomy Essay Free Online Research Papers Nicholas Copernicus Founder of Astronomy Essay Nicholas Copernicus is considered to be the founder of modern astronomy. He was born in Poland in 1473. After his childhood dreams of astronomy, he was sent off to Krakow University to study mathematics and optics. Later, returning from studying religious law in Italy, Copernicus, through the influence of his uncle, was appointed cannon in the Cathedral of Frauenberg. In the next few years, Copernicus continued his studies of astronomy alone in his church. He made most of his observations from a turret situated on a protective wall around the cathedral. In 1530, after more than thirty years of intense study, Copernicus completed his great work, â€Å"De Revolutionibus†, which presented the theory that the earth rotated on its axis and made one complete revolution daily, and, at the same time, traveled around the sun once yearly. This was a fantastic concept for the sixteenth century! All great thinkers of that age believed that the earth was the center of the universe, and heavenly bodies revolved around our planet. Copernicus died in 1543, His life had been a sheltered and academic one. He never knew what controversy his work had caused. The church argued that man was next to God and was therefore superior to any other thing. But Copernicus forever changed the place of man in the universe. Man, according to this great scientist, was just a part of nature and should take his place among other living things, not dominate them. Research Papers on Nicholas Copernicus - Founder of Astronomy EssayAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeQuebec and CanadaAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Effects of Television Violence on ChildrenCapital PunishmentCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Spring and AutumnMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)

Military Suicides Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Military Suicides - Essay Example As the report declares soldiers often have to perform ‘details’ or additional duties like military base landscaping. If any of those daily duties are not completed to military standard, the soldier is subject to corrective physical training, evening additional labor, partial forfeiture of monthly pay, or reduction in a soldiers rank. Those stressors are not only difficult for the soldier, but for any dependents a soldier may have as well. â€Å"The U.S. military cannot avoid the stark reality of suicide entirely. Service members and veterans reflect the broader American public, which not only suffers from suicide, but also stigmatizes mental health care. Further, some service members enter military service with mental health challenges and we should not conclude that serving in the military caused these suicides. According to the research finidngs while serving in the military, a soldier is provided a chain of command or hierarchy of leadership to provide the soldier with duties and assist in any of the soldier’s needs. These leaders have taken training on how to complete a mission, take care of given soldiers and uphold an ethical standard. Unfortunately, there are too many stories what the Army classifies as ‘toxic leadership’. The military hierarchy in charge also thought that by the end of the wars, the number of military suicide cases will reduce. The military leadership fails to understand that the mental health and overall welfare are separate, unique and individual.

Ethical Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 10

Ethical Energy - Essay Example ore selecting a method that will generate adequate power for the present, have the potential for expansion to meet future needs and is minimally damaging to the environment. Due to the large investment involved, ethical issues that may result in selection of an inappropriate source or power generation is a factor that has to be considered. This is a preliminary report for the Board of Directors of Karsson arguing for a source that will be satisfactory regarding all the parameters mentioned above. It will take into consideration the advantages and disadvantages inherent in different methods of power generation along with ethical issues that have to be taken into consideration. (Annual Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector). Greenhouse gases are those which absorb harmful radiation that is given off by the surface of the earth after it absorbs it from the sun’s rays. â€Å"Greenhouse [GH] molecules are those that absorb terrestrial radiation, that which is emitted by the Earth’s surface as a result of the warming effect of incoming solar radiation.† (Barrett 2005, p.1037). The greenhouse gases found in the earth’s atmosphere are water (vapour), CO2 or carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. This is given in the decreasing order of absorption with ozone having the least absorption capability. (Ozone plays a major role in blocking UV and other harmful rays from the sun rather than retaining or absorbing from the earth’s surface). This absorption is important to maintain life sustaining temperature. But when levels of these gases increase (due to pollution) the heat generated is more than what is required or safe and ultimately results in the phenomenon called global warming. The chart given above shows the greenhouse emission as per sector or industry. It can be seen that the biggest contributor of greenhouse gases is from power stations. It is true that some methods of generation are more harmful than others and this will be discussed later in this